Cikakken bayani game da ra’ayoyin manyan malamai na Shi’a game da azumin Ashura da Tasu’a.

Cikakken bayani game da ra’ayoyin manyan malamai na Shi’a game da azumin Ashura da Tasu’a, da kuma ƙarin riwayoyi daga A’imma Ahlul Bayt (a.s) da kutub al-Shi’a, domin ƙarfafa fahimtar haramcin ko ƙarancin darajar wannan azumin.

🧕🏼 1. Ra’ayoyin Manyan Malaman Shi’a Akan Azumin Ashura da Tasu’a:

✦ Ayatullah Sayyid Abul Qasim al-Khu’i (قُدِّسَ سِرُّه):

A cikin "Sirat al-Najāt", ya fassara cewa:

> “Azumin Ashura ba ya daga cikin azumin mustahabbin da suke da lada mai yawa. Kuma ba a tabbatar da azumin ba face a wasu riwayoyi marasa ƙarfi. Amma yin sa ba da nufin murna ba, yana cikin halascin ibada – idan babu gurguwar niyya.”

✦ Imam Khomeini (قُدِّسَ سِرُّه):

A cikin "Tahrir al-Wasilah", ya yi gargaɗi da cewa:

> “Azumin Ashura yana iya kasancewa haramun idan an yi shi da nufin goyon bayan Yazid ko kuma da nufin murna ga Banu Umayyah."

✦ Sayyid Ali al-Sistani (حَفِظَهُ الله):

A fatwa dinsa:

> “Azumin Ashura ba wajibi ba ne, ba mustahab mai karfi ba ne. Amma ba haramun ba ne idan an yi shi don ibada kawai. Duk da haka, akwai ƙyama idan mutum ya dauki wannan rana da murnar wani lamari.”

✦ Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah (رَحِمَهُ الله):

Ya bayyana cewa:

> “Ashura rana ce ta juyayi da tsayawa ga gaskiya. Duk wani aiki da ke alamta murna ko rabuwa da alhini – haramun ne ko akalla makruh.”

📘 2. Karin Riwayoyi daga Ahlul Bayt (a.s):

✦ Imam al-Baqir (a.s):

> "Azumin ranar Ashura, Yazid ya sanya shi domin murnar kisan jikan Manzon Allah. Kada kuyi koyi da shi, domin wannan rana ce ta kuka da musiba."

(Bihar al-Anwar, j. 45, sh. 318)

✦ Imam al-Sadiq (a.s):

> "Duk wanda ya dauki Ashura da nufin murna, Allah zai hada shi da Yazid a wuta."

(Wasail al-Shi’a, j. 10, sh. 457)

✦ Ziyarat Ashura (karanta a ranar 10 Muharram):

Akwai wannan jumla mai muhimmanci:

> "Wa laʿanallāhu ummatan asrakat wa laʿibat bi qatlika, wa farihat bihi."

("Allah ya la'ani al'ummar da suka yi murna da kisan ka.")

🧾 3. Hujja daga Kutub al-Shi’a:

🔹 Kitab: Bihar al-Anwar – Al-Allama al-Majlisi

Cike yake da riwayoyi da ke nuna cewa:

Ashura rana ce ta bakin ciki, da ƙauracewa jin daɗi da sabbin tufafi, da tsarkake kai da kuka, ba rana ce ta azumi da murna ba.

🔹 Kitab: Wasail al-Shi’a – Al-Sheikh al-Hurr al-Amili

A babin “Azumin Mustahabb”, an kawo riwayoyin da ke nuni da cewa:

Mustahabbancin azumi ya tabbata ne a ranakun da ba su kunshi haramci ko jarabta ba.

Kuma azumin da ya samo asali daga zalunci – ba yana daga cikin ibada ba ne.