Gudummawar Malaman Shi’a Magabata a Fannin Ƙira’o’in Alkur'ani.

Gudummawar Malaman Shi’a Magabata a Fannin Ƙira’o’in Alkur'ani.

Raddi Zuwa Ga Jalo Jalingo

Alhamdulillah yau dai wannan ƙasurgumin bawahabiye Nasibi ya yarda cewa: "Ƴan Sh'a sun yarda da Alkur'ani, shi yasa ya tsallaka zuwa ga cewa basu "hidimta wajen ruwaito ruwayoyin Alkur'anin ba"

Wani abin dariya: Ƴan Shi'a da ake cewa basu yarda da Alkur'ani ba sai gashi yau Jalo Jalingon yana naƙalto wata magana daga littafin tafsirin ɗaya daga Manyan malaman shi'a).

Don haka zamu iya gane ƙaryar Jalo Jalingo a nan ta hanya kamar haka:

1. Mahimmancin ƙira’a a Mahangar Shi’a:

A mahangar Shi’a, ƙira’a (karatun lafazin Alkur’ani) wata hanya ce ta tsarkake maganar Allah da tabbatar da lafazinsa kamar yadda aka saukarwa Annabi Muhammad (S), malaman Shi’a sun bayar da gudummawa ta musamman ta hanyoyi da dama, Misali:

2. Ƙira’ar Imam Ali (a.s.):

Ƙira’ar Imam Ali (a.s.), tushe ce na ƙira’o’i daban-daban.

Imam Ali (a.s.) yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka haddace Alkur’ani gaba ɗaya, kuma akwai ruwayoyi da dama na bangaren Shi'a da sunnah da suka tabbatar da haka, kuma yana daga cikin manyan marubuta wahayi, wanda hakan ya ba shi matsayi na musamman wajen lafazi da fahimtar Alƙur’ani, idan ana maganar Shi'a aka ce Imam Ali kuwa an gama magana, ammafa ka sani babu ruwaya guda ɗaya dake nuna Sahabi Abubakar da Umar da Mu'awiyah sun haddace Alkur'ani gaba dayansa, tabbas akwai ruwaya dake nuna Sahabi Abubakar ya haddace wani sashi na Alkur'ani, amma Sahabi Umar babu wannan ruwaya a kanshi, harma ruwayoyi sunzo cewa: "Watarana an tambaye shi ayar nan da ke cewa (Wa fakihatan wa Abba) Ma'anar Abba, ya nuna bai sani ba, sai a cikin taron mutane wani ya amsa tambayar, a haka a lokacin yana Amirul Muminina, yana zaune a kan kujerar Manzon Allah (S).

Malaman Shi’a sun ruwaito cewa Ƙira’ar Hafs an Asim da Sunni ke taƙama da ita, wadda ta zama mashahuriya a duniya, tushenta daga ƙira’ar Imam Ali (a.s.) ne ta hannun ɗalibai kamar Abu 'Abdurrahman al-Sulami da Hafs da kuma Asim, domin Abu Abdurrahman Al-sulami ɗalibin Imam Ali (AS) ne (Daga gurin Imam Ali (AS) ya ruwaici ƙira'a, shi kuma Asim ya ruwaita daga Abu Abdurrahman, shi kuma Hafsu ya ruwaita daga Asim, bansan ko kana iya fahimtar zancen ba, ƙira'ar dai daga ƙarshe tana tuƙewa ne gurin Imamummu Ali (AS) Shugaban ƴan shi'a.

Sayyid Ku'i Yace: “Ƙira’ar Imam Ali (a.s.) tana da matsayin ladabi da tsari wanda mafi yawan ƙira’o’in ƙurra'u (Imma Sab'a ko Ashara) suka dogara a kanta” – al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an.

Idan kuwa muka ɗauki maganar nan na ku'i to ba iya shi Hafsu ba, sauran ƙurra'u ɗin duka idan muka tsananta bincike zasu kaimu zuwa ga Babul ilmi ne, wato Imam Ali (AS), domin bayan Manzon Allah (S) babu wani da ya kaishi sanin Alkur'ani.

3. Ruwayar Malaman Shi’a da Ƙira’o’i:

Shi'a sun ruwaito karin ƙira’o’i masu inganci daga A’imma (a.s.), ciki har da:

Imam Muhammad Baqir (a.s.) da Imam Sadiq (a.s.) – sun riƙa bayani kan bambance-bambancen ƙira’o’i.

Asbagh ibn Nubata – sahabin Imam Ali (a.s.), ya ruwaito yadda Imam yake karanta ayoyi da sirrinsu, wanda ai dama asalin ilimi kuma birni Annabi Muhammad (S) Ali ne ƙofar wannan birni, kenan rashin ruƙo da shi a bayan Manzon Allah ya kawo duka wannan, har ake iya samun wasu wawaye masu warin baki da ke ganin ba'a samu wani ƙoƙari ba ta bangaren Shi'a.

4. Matsayin Tawaatur da Lura da Daki-daki:

Malaman Shi’a sun fi maida hankali ne wajen tafsiri da bayani, ba sa shiga cikin jayayya kan sahihancin ƙira’a sai dai idan an shige haddi.

Shi’a suna ganin cewa ƙira’ar Qur’ani da ake da ita a yau – musamman riwayar Hafs – sahihiya ce, kuma ba laifi a bi wata riwaya muddin tana da asali mai ƙarfi.

5. Gudummawa a Zamanance (Usul da Ilm al-Qira’at)

Malaman Shi’a sun zurfafa bincike a fannin ƙira’a cikin tsarin ilimi:

Allama Tabataba’i a cikin al-Mizan yana ambato bambance-bambancen ƙira’a da tasirinsu a tafsiri.

littafin tafsiri mai ƙunshe da tarin ilimi irin Almizan babu shi a sunni.

Allama al-Khui ya yi ƙarin bayani kan ƙira’a a cikin al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an, inda ya ke cewa:

 “Bambance-bambancen ƙira’a ba su da tasiri a kan tsarin akida ko shari’a kai tsaye, illa a wajen ilimin harshe da nazari.”

Shaykh al-Tusi – Attibyan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an: tafsiri da ke bayyana ilimin harshe, fiqhu, da falsafa.

Tabarasi – Majma' al-Bayan: tafsiri ne da ke amfani da hanyar ilimi da kuma riwayar Ahlul Baiti.

Misalai:

Tafsirin ayar “إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ...” (al-Ma’ida: 55) ana danganta ta da Imam Ali (a.s.) bisa ruwayoyi da tafsirin ma’anoni.

6. Matsayin Qur’an a Wajen Malaman Shi’a:

Shi’a sun maida hankali kan:

Karanta Qur’ani da tajwid.

Riwayar Qur’ani da sharhi daga Ahlul Baiti.

Yarda da mashhurin ƙira’a muddin ba ta kau da Qur’ani daga ma’anarsa ba.

Ɓangaren Wasali:

Abu Aswad ad'du’ali

Shi ne mutum na farko da ya sanya wasali (fatha, kasra, ḍamma) a rubutun Qur’ani.

Kuma kasan waye shi? ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan ɗaliban Imam Ali (a.s.), kuma ya yi wannan aiki a ƙarƙashin umarnin Imam Ali (a.s.), a cewar mafi yawan ruwayoyin Shi’a da kuma wasu daga Ahlus-Sunna.

Littattafan Shi'a Kan Ƙira'o'in Alƙur'ani:

Ɓangare Na Farko:

1. Al-ƙira’at – na Sheikh Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Isa al-Ash’ari al-Qummi (karni na 3 H).

Yana daga farkon farkon marubutan Shi'a da suka yi rubutu a kan ƙira'o'i.

2. Kitabu ƙira’at – na Ali bin Ibrahim al-Qummi.

Yana daga cikin tsofaffin malamai da suka rubuta kan ƙira'o’i, an ambace shi a Fihrist na Najashi.

3. Al-Qira’at – na Muhammad bin Khalid al-Barƙi.

Yana daga malaman karni na 3.

4. Ikhtilaf Masahif Ahl al-Kufa da al-Basra da al-Sham – ana danganta shi da al-Fadl bin Shadhan al-Naysaburi (Ya rasu a 260 H).

Yayi bayani kan bambance-bambancen ƙira'o'in da rubuce-rubucen mushafi.

 Ɓangare Na Biyu: Littattafan Da Suka Taba Ƙira’o’i A Cikin Tafsiri

1. Majma'ul Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an – na Tabrasi.

Ya kawo ƙira’o’i da yawa, ciki har da na ƙurra’ul sab’a, yana bayyana ra’ayin shi'a kan su.

2. Attibyan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an – na Sheikh al-Tusi.

Yayi bayani a wasu wurare game da ƙira’o’i, kuma yana mayar da hankali akan masu tawatur kawai.

3. Al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an – na Sayyid al-Khoei.

A cikin mukaddimarsa, ya soki ƙira’o’in da ba su da tawatur, yana kallon su a matsayin “ƙira’o’in maza”.

4. Ulum al-Qur’an – na Sheikh Muhammad Hadi Ma’rifa.

Yayi daki-daki a wani babi kan ƙira’o’i da matsayinsu a mazhabar shi'a.

Ɓangare Na Uku: Bincike Na Zamani da Ayyukan Jami'a

1. Al-Qira’atul Ƙur’aniyya wa Atharuha fi al-Ahkam al-Fiqhiyya inda al-Imamiyya

Yana nuna yadda bambancin ƙira’o’i bai yi tasiri sosai a fikihu shi'a ba, domin sun fi dogara da ƙira’ar Hafs.

2. Mawqifush -Shi’a al-Imamiyya min Ƙira’at al-Qur’aniyya:

Maƙala da ta bayyana dalilin da ya sa Shi'a ba su fiye amfani da ƙira’o’i da yawa ba.

3. Maƙaloli daga Sheikh Ja’far Subhani da Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq al-Sadr:

Sun yi bayani a wasu rubuce-rubucensu game da ƙira’o’i da matsayin Ahlul Bait (A.S) a kansu.

Fi sabilillahi irin wannan ƙoƙari da aka samu da wasu da ban ambata ba ta bangaren Shi'a, saboda rashin tsoron Allah aka samu Jalo Jalingo saboda hassada da bambancin da yake da shi da shi'a yake nuna babu wani ƙokari da aka samu ta bangaren Shi'a, irin waɗannan maganganu suna ƙara fito da jahilcinka a fili ne wlh, shawarata gareka ka kiyaye gaba da Ahlulbaiti (AS), domin maƙiyinsu baya mutuwa mai kyau kuma baya samun muhallin zama mai kyau a ranar ƙiyama, Allah ya kyauta.

Fri, Jul 11,

2025.

Emran Darussalam.